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NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE A COhfl~ARISON OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES W1Tlt LOCAL HISTORIC LANDMARK AND DISTRICT DESIGNATIONS The National Regisler of Hisloric Places and 10c-~ historic landmark and historic district designations are two very d fferent programs ,that recognize and protect historic properties. Some historic properties and dis ricls may ,r, eceix e both t)pes of designation in communities where local historic presen,ation commissions has e been established according to North Carolina enabling leg slation. However, there is no direct correlation between National Register listing and local designation. THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES National of Historic Places is a federal administered by the National Park The Register ?rogram vice in partnership with state governments. The Nahonal Register wa~ created by the National His- lode Preservation Act of 1966 to recognize and protect properties of hisloric a~.d cultural significan~ that warrant consideration in federal undertakings such as highway construcUon and urban renewa, projects, and Io provide ineentix~es for local and private preservation initiatives. In each slate the program is administered' by a State Historic Presen'ation Officer (SHPO), who is usually an official in a stale historical or environmental agency. In North Carolina, the State Historic Preservation Officer is the Director of the Division of Archives and History. The SHPO is responsible for conducling the statewide survey of hiitoric pro,p,;erties, coord!nating nominations of eligible to the National Register, and conducting emironmental re,,iew of federal and state projects properties Ihat may affect properties listed or eligible for listing in the National Register. Nominations of properties lo the National Register are preparekl and reviewed at the local and state levels, but the final decision to list a property or district in the National Register is made by the National Park Service. National Register listing is primarily an honor, meaning that a property has been researched and evalualed according to established procedures and determined to be worthy of preservation for its his- torical value. The listing of a historic or archaeological property in the National Register does not obligale or reslrict a private owner Jn any way unless the owner seeks a federal benefit such as a grant or tax credil. For a privale owner, the chief practical benefit of National Register listing is eligibility for a 20% federal investmen~ lax credit that can be claimed against the cost of a certified rehabilitation of an income-oroducin~, historic building. For mote inforrration about Ibc National Register, ~ the fOllou.'i~g oumbered AM T/OAML REGISTER FACTSHEE2~: I: 'WHAT IS THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACEST' 2: 'NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION' 3: 'HOW HISTORIC PROPERTIES ARE LISTED IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES' 4: 'THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES IN NORTH CAROLINA: FACTS AND FIGURES' LOCAL ItISTORIC PRE.SERVATION COM~tlSS1ONS AND LOCAL ItlSTORIC LANDMARKS AND DISTRICTS The Preservation Commission. Local governments may eslablish a historic preservation commission under North Carolina G.S. 160A-400. A preservation commission may carry out a comprehensive preservation program, including recommending individual properties and areas for designation by local governing boards as landmarks and historic dislficls. While a preservation commission works with both dislricts and landmarks, ther~ are also commissions that work solely wilh districts (called historic district commissions) and Ihose that work solely with individual properties (called historic landmarks commissions or hisloric properties commissions). (see other side)